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書晁說之《考牧圖 / 作者:蘇軾 |
我昔在田間,但知羊與牛。
川平牛背穩,如駕百斛舟。
舟行無人岸自移,我臥讀書牛不知。
前有百尾羊,聽我鞭聲如鼓鼙。
我鞭不妄發,視其後者而鞭之。
澤中草木長,草長病牛羊。
尋山跨坑谷,騰趠筋骨強。
煙蓑雨笠長林下,老去而今空見畫。
世間馬耳射東風,悔不長作多牛翁。
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書晁說之《考牧圖解釋:
《書晁說之《考牧圖》后》是蘇軾的一首詩詞。以下是詩詞的中文譯文、詩意和賞析:
我昔在田間,但知羊與牛。
In the past, I only knew about sheep and cattle in the fields.
川平牛背穩,如駕百斛舟。
The backs of the cattle were steady like a boat carrying a hundred measures of grain.
舟行無人岸自移,我臥讀書牛不知。
The boat moved without any human effort, and while lying down and reading, the cattle were unaware.
前有百尾羊,聽我鞭聲如鼓鼙。
There were a hundred sheep ahead, listening to the sound of my whip like a drumbeat.
我鞭不妄發,視其后者而鞭之。
I did not whip indiscriminately, but only whipped those behind.
澤中草木長,草長病牛羊。
The grass grew abundantly in the marsh, but the excessive growth of grass caused the cattle and sheep to fall ill.
尋山跨坑谷,騰趠筋骨強。
Searching mountains, crossing valleys, their tendons and bones are strong and agile.
煙蓑雨笠長林下,老去而今空見畫。
In the smoke-covered fields, under the long forest, I am now old and can only see paintings.
世間馬耳射東風,悔不長作多牛翁。
In this world, those who ignore good advice are like horses ignoring the east wind. I regret not becoming a wealthy cattle owner.
這首詩詞描繪了詩人年輕時在田間飼養牛羊的場景。詩人描述了牛背如舟,行進自如,他在駕馭牛羊時使用鞭子,但只對落后的牛羊進行鞭打,不妄加懲罰。然而,過度茂盛的草木導致牛羊生病。詩人經過山林,騎著牛羊穿越險峻的地形,展現出它們強壯而敏捷的身體。最后,詩人回顧自己年老的歲月,在煙雨籠罩的田野中,他只能看到畫作中的場景。他對自己沒有成為富有的養牛人感到后悔,將自己比喻為馬耳射東風的人。
這首詩表達了詩人對田園生活和樸素的農耕生活的懷念,并以此反襯自己在現實中的無奈和遺憾。通過描繪牛羊的形象和自然景物,詩人展示了對大自然的贊美和對人與自然和諧相處的向往。詩中的牛羊和山水風景也具有象征意義,代表了詩人對自由、力量和寧靜的追求。整首詩詞以簡潔明快的語言和生動的形象,展現了蘇軾獨特的寫作風格和對自然和人生的深刻思考。
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