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許給事見示哭工部劉尚書詩因命同作 / 作者：劉禹錫 |
漢室賢王后，孔門高第人。
濟時成國器，樂道任天真。
特達圭無玷，堅貞竹有筠。
總戎寬得眾，市義貴能貧。
護塞無南牧，馳心拱北辰。
乞身來闕下，賜告臥漳濱。
榮耀初題劍，清羸已拖紳。
宮星徒列位，隙日不回輪。
自昔追飛侶，今為侍從臣。
素弦哀已絕，青簡嘆猶新。
未遂揮金樂，空悲撤瑟晨。
凄涼竹林下，無復見清塵。
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許給事見示哭工部劉尚書詩因命同作解釋：
《許給事見示哭工部劉尚書詩因命同作》是唐代劉禹錫創作的一首詩詞。以下是它的中文譯文、詩意和賞析：
中文譯文：
漢室賢王后，孔門高第人。
濟時成國器，樂道任天真。
特達圭無玷，堅貞竹有筠。
總戎寬得眾，市義貴能貧。
護塞無南牧，馳心拱北辰。
乞身來闕下，賜告臥漳濱。
榮耀初題劍，清羸已拖紳。
宮星徒列位，隙日不回輪。
自昔追飛侶，今為侍從臣。
素弦哀已絕，青簡嘆猶新。
未遂揮金樂，空悲撤瑟晨。
凄涼竹林下，無復見清塵。
詩意：
這首詩以哭悼工部尚書劉君的方式，表達了作者劉禹錫對于時代的變遷和個人命運的感慨。詩中描繪了漢室賢王后和孔門的高才子，他們在歷史的舞臺上發揮了重要的作用。他們以清廉的品德和堅守正道的精神，成為了濟世奉公的楷模。詩人借用特達圭無玷和堅貞竹有筠的比喻，來形容這些偉大的人物。他們總結了戎事，使國家安定，尊重市井的道德準則，珍視貧窮但有能力的人。詩人抱怨說，現在沒有人保護邊塞，也沒有人追求北辰的道德標準。他請求能夠進入朝廷，向皇帝陳述自己的憂慮。他感嘆自己曾經有過的榮耀，但如今已經衰頹。宮殿中的星星只是虛位，太陽在天空中不再回轉。詩人自稱曾經追隨令人羨慕的飛侶，但現在只是一個隨從臣子。他的琴弦不再奏響悲傷的音樂，他的官職已經荒廢。他感嘆著在凄涼的竹林下，再也看不到清新的塵土。
賞析：
這首詩詞展示了劉禹錫對于時代變遷和個人命運的悲涼感受。他通過對賢王后和孔門高第人的贊美，表達了對過去時代高尚人物的向往與懷念。詩中對于道德準則的重視以及對于貧窮但有能力之人的尊重，展示了作者對于公正和正義的追求。然而，詩人也表達了對于現實社會的失望和不滿，認為當前的政治環境已經不能保護邊塞，也沒有人追求高尚的道德。他希望能夠進入朝廷，向皇帝陳述自己的憂慮，但他的愿望未能實現。整首詩以凄涼的氛圍為主調，通過描繪竹林下的荒寂和清塵的消失，表達了詩人內心的孤寂和失落。
《許給事見示哭工部劉尚書詩因命同作》 is a poem written by Liu Yuxi during the Tang Dynasty. Here is the Chinese translation, poetic meaning, and analysis of the poem:
Chinese Translation:
漢室賢王后，孔門高第人。
濟時成國器，樂道任天真。
特達圭無玷，堅貞竹有筠。
總戎寬得眾，市義貴能貧。
護塞無南牧，馳心拱北辰。
乞身來闕下，賜告臥漳濱。
榮耀初題劍，清羸已拖紳。
宮星徒列位，隙日不回輪。
自昔追飛侶，今為侍從臣。
素弦哀已絕，青簡嘆猶新。
未遂揮金樂，空悲撤瑟晨。
凄涼竹林下，無復見清塵。
Poetic Meaning:
This poem, "In Response to Seeing the Mourning of Minister Liu from the Ministry of Works, as Ordered to Write Together," expresses Liu Yuxi's feelings about the changes in the era and his personal fate. The poem portrays the virtuous princes of the Han dynasty and scholars from the Confucian school who played significant roles in history. They were paragons of integrity and dedicated themselves to the pursuit of truth. The poem uses the metaphors of flawless jade and steadfast bamboo to describe these great figures. They contributed to the stability of the nation and upheld the moral principles cherished by the common people, valuing the abilities of the poor. The poet laments that there are no longer protectors of the borders, and the pursuit of moral excellence symbolized by the Northern Star has been neglected. He pleads to be allowed into the court to express his concerns to the emperor. He sighs about the fading glory he once experienced, and the insignificance of the palace stars that do not revolve with the passing days. The poet used to chase after admirable companions, but now he is merely a subordinate. The strings of his musical instrument no longer produce mournful melodies, and his official position has become neglected. He laments the desolation beneath the bamboo grove and the absence of the once-clear dust.
Analysis:
This poem showcases Liu Yuxi's lamentations about the changes in the era and his personal fate. Through his praise of the virtuous princes and scholars of the Confucian school, he expresses his longing and nostalgia for the noble figures of the past. The poem emphasizes the importance of moral principles and the respect for capable individuals, particularly those who are poor. This reflects the poet's pursuit of justice and righteousness. However, the poet also expresses disappointment and dissatisfaction with the current social reality, where the political environment fails to protect the borders and uphold moral excellence. He desires to enter the court and share his concerns with the emperor, but his wishes remain unfulfilled. The poem exudes a sense of desolation throughout, depicting the emptiness beneath the bamboo grove and the disappearance of the once-clear dust, conveying the poet's solitude and sense of loss.
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